Mies van der Rohe was the last leader of the Bauhaus school until it was closed by the Nazis in 1932. Several of the leading figures of the Bauhaus school had constructivism as their role model, but Mies was more influenced by De Stijl and the horizontal and vertical lines of neoplastic paintings.[31] This inspiration can be seen in several floor plans for Mies' beautiful houses, where the most prominent example is the Barcelona Pavilion from 1929. Here you can see how Mies treats the various wall elements as slabs, whether they are made of marble or glass.[31] The flat roof is supported by regularly spaced shiny steel columns. Another admired work is the Villa Tugendhat in Brno. The villa is a pure luxury home with a refined floor plan where the house and its interior form an unwavering composition. The house is on a sloping plot and the facade towards the garden is completely glazed. As in the Barcelona pavilion, Mies used shiny steel columns here, which reflected their surroundings so that they almost disappeared into the background.
The spread of functionalism
Bellavista, Klampenborg. Arne Jacobsen.
Sodra Angby, Stockholm. Edvin Engstrom.

Le Corbusier's ideas had difficulty gaining influence in conservative France[32] and functionalism was therefore developed for the most part in Germany, but also in the Netherlands and Czechoslovakia. The latter country is often overlooked in this context. Already during the First World War, this had its own stylistic orientation, which was called Purism, but done had no connection with Le Corbusier's art, although this too sprung from cubism and its beautiful homes.[33] This orientation was later influenced by De Stijl and Constructivism and eventually approached German Functionalism. In Austria and Switzerland, the International Style was not as readily accepted and only a few architects made any impression there.[34] In 1922 the Fascists had taken power in Italy and there Neoclassicism and the Italian variant of beautiful houses, Rationalism, fought for the favor of the Fascists. The rationalists, like Le Corbusier, had the ancient systems of proportion as a model, something that is exemplified to its extreme in the Casa del Fascio by Giuseppe Terragni.[35] The movement came to an end in 1936 when Mussolini took a stand for the more conservative neoclassicism.